Altamens Research · Independent public-data reanalysis · 6 August 2026

How much can the question mix move a 30-second mental-math score?

Difficulty-balanced forms were more consistent than random forms in simulations using 59 participants and an independent open arithmetic dataset. The improvement was meaningful but modest: balancing reduced score variance, not all score noise.

13.1%
Primary variance reduction
95% CI 11.1%–15.1%
1.99 → 1.85
RMS score standard deviation
Correct answers in 30 seconds
10.0%
All-finite sensitivity
More conservative specification
59
Participants retained
14,666 primary participant-trials
Interpretation: the most defensible summary is that this balancing method lowered simulated form-to-form variance by roughly 10%–13%. It did not make a 30-second score perfectly stable and it is not a reliability estimate for the live Altamens test.

Main findings

Robustness

Why question mix matters

The source paper reported a robust problem-size effect: arithmetic sentences with larger operands tend to take longer. The reanalysis reproduced the paper's participant-level Kendall correlations exactly to rounding.

Data audit

Method

Five repeated five-fold participant cross-validations estimated item difficulty only on training participants. The difficulty measure combined participant-centred log response time and smoothed error rate. Held-out participants were simulated on 1,000 forms per condition. Random forms used shuffled item order; quota-balanced forms controlled operation and truth status; difficulty-balanced forms additionally controlled cross-validated difficulty quartiles. Participant bootstrap intervals used 10,000 resamples.

Claim boundary

Supported

Question composition changed short correct-count scores in this dataset. The tested balancing method reduced form variance. Meaningful variation remained.

Not supported

No clinical validation, population norms, intelligence claim, training effect, or direct reliability estimate for Altamens.

Critical limitations

These are simulations from a U.S. undergraduate laboratory true/false task, not direct observations from the Altamens four-choice mobile test. Device latency, day-to-day state, fresh response noise, repeated testing and the live item bank were not measured. The analysis was protocol-guided but not formally preregistered.

Downloadable package

The accompanying package contains reproducible scripts, simulation rows, aggregate tables, item calibrations, figures and a full Markdown report.